There are two main types:
Jets come as:
Reciprocating engines come as:
The most common is the last, the flat opposed.
From Wikipedia:
Aircraft hydraulic systems
The use of hydraulic systems in aircraft almost certainly began with braking systems.[citation needed] As aircraft performance increased in mid-20th century, the amount of force required to operate mechanical flight controls became excessive, and hydraulic systems were introduced to reduce pilot effort. The hydraulic actuators are controlled by valves; these in turn are operated directly by input from the aircrew (hydro-mechanical) or by computers obeying control laws (fly by wire). See flight controls.
Hydraulic power is used for other purposes. It can be stored in accumulators to start an auxiliary power unit (APU) for self-starting the aircraft’s main engines. Many aircraft equipped with the M61 family of cannon use hydraulic power to drive the gun system, permitting reliable high rates of fire.
The hydraulic power itself comes from pumps driven by the engines directly, or by electrically driven pumps. In modern commercial aircraft these are electrically driven pumps; should all the engines fail in flight the pilot will deploy a propeller-driven electric generator which is concealed under the fuselage.[3] This provides electrical power for the hydraulic pumps and control sysytems as power is no longer available from the engines. In that system and others electric pumps can provide both redundancy and the means of operating hydraulic systems without the engines operating, which can be very useful during maintenance.
Aircraft hydraulic fluids fall under various specifications:
Common petroleum-based:
Phosphate-ester based:
What this means
There are two types to worry about.
Do not mix them up!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
What are avionic systems? Well the list below is resonable inclusive:
There many more but this list covers the basics we will need for our work.
Have a look at https://services.train.army.mil/soldierPortal/atia/adlsc/view/public/9590-1/fm/5-499/chap4.htm to find out a bit more about actuators, this site seems reasonably clear.
JT8 Arrives at Catlins Area School
The Catlins Area School has become the first school in New Zealand to be jet powered. Pratt and Witney and Air New Zealand through their joint venture the Christchurch Engine Centre have let us have a JT8 engine. Now the work is on to build a workshop for it so we can teach using webcams and podcasts with our new tool.
Thanks to Bill Moeller and Chris Brooks for this fantastic donation.
Eindecker from Omaka Museum NZ
This picture from the Omaka Website is of a Fokker Eidecker. Very few aircraft in WWI were monoplanes, why was this?
I would also say that Omaka is the best museum in New Zealand and should be a compulsory visit for Te Papa staff to see how it should be done.
What are the primary and secondary flying controls?
A Moving Experience
Most people are now underway, very much like the above; for some it is rather slow, I would expect that US 21834 would be finished by Friday, I would like to see it from those who have not finished yet by Monday.
There are two questions you need to answer.
1. Why do we use the Phoenetic Alphabet?
2. Why do we use the 24hour clock in aviation?
Post your answers here.
The Phonetic Alphabet,
Can you tell me without thinging what the Phonetic pronunciation of POA is, or ZK HGD. It should be like times tables, if you can not name all the letters instantly then, you need to do more work.
If you know of any easy ways of learning the alphabet post them here I know alot of other people will be interested.
Remember Questions and comments are very welcome.
Aviation Course Blog 